 | Concrete flooring |
Concrete flooring
Engineering construction company “AZBI” offers services on concrete flooring with strengthened top layer.
We offer arrangement of floors for:
- Industrial buildings;
- Industrial workshops;
- Storage premises;
- Trade complexes;
- parkings;
- car sales centers and maintenance stations;
- maintenance facilities;
- garages;
- basements;
- refrigeration chambers;
- loading platforms;
- railway ramps;
- other objects in which durable floor with high operating characteristigs without any special care is required.
Properties of concrete flooring with strengthened top layer:
- durability;
- undustiness;
- chemical resistance;
- hygiene, simple cleaning;
- sparkless and antistatic floor;
- quick performance;
- modern design;
- good price;
- no special care requirements.
Main stages of works performance:
1. preparation of a foundation for concrete floor;
Concrete flooring with strengthened top layer can be provided both on macadam-sandy base and on existing bearing concrete plate.
Evenness, operating qualities of industrial floors directly depend on the quality of prepared foundation.
When laying concrete floor on a ground base (ground bearing force from the floor), soil is excavated and removed, and macadam-sandy foundation is arranged. Peat, black earth and other vegetable and weakened soils are removed. Instead of them macadam-sandy foundation is laid layer wise with compaction of each layer.
Thickness of macadam-sandy foundation usually varies from
0.2 to
When laying concrete floor on an existing concrete foundation, height drops shall not exceed 10% of the thickness of plate. If height drops exceed this value, leveling cover is provided.
2. water proofing;
After arrangement of macadam-sandy foundation, or in case of flooring on existing concrete foundation, water proofing layer (usually polyethylene film) shall be laid in order to prevent desiccation from just laid concrete mortar.
3. installation of curbs for concrete floor;
Arrangement of concrete floor is provided by “cards” - rectangles of certain size. The size of a “card” is defined by the floor area laid during one working shift, i.e. by working productivity.
Curb is installed along perimeter of the card. Curb line shall coincide with the picture of movement joints as in most cases it is the mount of joint of already cemented and just laid concrete.
4. armouring;
Armouring in concrete floors is provided according to the
project depending on expected bearing load. In most cases road grid made of
reinforcement Vr-1, diameter of rods
5. concrete mixture placing;
After installation of curbs, laying of polyethylene film and armouring, we start placing concrete mixture. Selection of concrete mixture depends on the type of construction covered with concrete, ways concrete transportation and placing. To arrange floors with strengthened top layer we use concrete of M300 and higher sort.
6. compaction and leveling of concrete mixture;
Concrete mixture is spread on prepared foundation and is leveled in such a way that its upper layer slightly exceeds the level of screed rail (it depends on the level of compaction of concrete mixture with screed rail). After that, screed rail is pulled along rail runners. Concrete mixture under the vibration sinks to the required level and is leveled.
7. concrete smoothing;
After concrete mixture has been laid, compacted and leveled,
technological pause shall be made: concrete shall gain certain plastic
firmness. Depending on air humidity and temperature this pause usually makes
from 2 to 7 hours. During this time concrete is cemented to such extent that an
adult person standing on it leaves a footprint
8. the first adding of dry reinforcing mix;
Afterwards, we add dry sealing mix to the machined surface in the amount of 50-60% of the standard norm.
9. the first smoothing of reinforcing mix;
After mix has absorbed moisture from concrete plane, and the surface has become dark, we make the first smoothing with the discs. Smoothing is performed until mixture on the surface gets homogeneous and mixed, until mixture has been fully saturated with “cement milk” and mixture has completely mixed up with concrete surface.
10. the second adding of dry reinforcing mix;
After finishing the first smoothing, remaining mixture shall be added immediately for it to be saturated with moisture from “concrete milk” until full water evaporation.
11. the second smoothing;
After mixture has been fully saturated with moisture (which will become obvious by dark colour of surface) the second smoothing with disks is provided until mixture has been fully saturated.
12. surface smoothing;
Final smoothing of surface is provided with palms. Interval between smoothings is defined by the surface – it shall become mat and shall not soil hands when touching it. The sign for finishing smoothing is smooth flat surface (so called “mirror”).
13. laying final treatment agent;
Prepared surface shall be treated with special lacquer right after finishing smoothing in order to prevent water evaporation from concrete mixture. Each card of concrete floor shall undergo the same treatment.
14. contraction joints.
Approximately on the third day contraction joints are threaded. These joints provide compensation of contraction processes in concrete floor during concrete hardening and temperature linear deformations of a plate during its operation.
After that joints are filled in with special compacting cord and sealant.